Szukana fraza: [Abstract = "The electrical strain gauges \(ESGs\) have been embedded on the stirrups and their strain readings are taken for every step of load increment. For modeling longitudinal steel reinforcing bars and concrete, the 3\-D elements with 2\-node and 8\-node, are used respectively. The comparison of results obtained by two methods is indicated that a good satisfactory agreement is achieved."]

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