Szukana fraza: [Abstract = "In the second phase, and based on the results of the first one, the proposed multi\-echelon, multi\-product, multi\-period, closed\-loop supply chain network is optimized. The second\-phase optimization is undertaken based on using general exact solvers in order to achieve the global optimum. Finally, the performance of the proposed forecasting method is evaluated in 25 periods using a numerical example, which contains a pattern in the returning of products."]

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