@misc{Ettien_Yapo_Questioning,
 author={Ettien, Yapo},
 howpublished={online},
 publisher={Zielona Góra: Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego},
 language={eng},
 abstract={The objective of this paper is to examine the issues of African American identity by questioning Blacks` existence in America. Indeed, in "God Help the Child" Toni Morrison renders black beauty a central issue. In seeking to sublimate black beauty in general, and particularly that of the African American woman, the writer makes a relatively humiliating presentation of the African American woman through Bride, the protagonist, who appears to be an abject character under the stigmatization of the black race.},
 abstract={Through a multivocal narrative, Morrison establishes an intersubjective relationship between various African American narrators who share the stigmatization of their identity as it is conceptualized prior to the Civil Rights Movement and still prevailed during the 1990`s. Their commitment in such a relationship is a vibrant manifestation of their becoming conscious of their identity as the opposition between Whites (the Self) and African Americans (the Other) in American society.},
 abstract={Accordingly, Bride`s constructivist shifting from ugliness to beauty helps her assert her femininity and refuse the image of Blacks` inferiority too. Thus, she demonstrates that colorism has nothing to do with African American women`s femininity because they concretely testify to Simone de Beauvoir`s idea that women are not born women but they rather become women. So, in her novel Morrison deconstructs the racial bias and posits blackness as a positive racial trait.},
 type={rozdział w książce},
 title={Questioning Blacks` existence in America: Toni Morrison`s vision of black beauty in "God help the child"},
 keywords={Blacks` existence, identity, stigmatization, constructivist shifting, femininity, colorism},
}